MACHINE-TO-MACHINE (M2M)
refers to data communications between machines utilizing 1) telemetry systems that enable the remote measurement and reporting of information, and 2) telecommand systems that send instructions and data to the machines to operate them remotely. In scenarios that leverage the internet and that embed computation (information processing) into the environment and the machines / devices, M2M is roughly equivalent to another term, the
PERVASIVE INTERNET, The objective of the Pervasive Internet is to enable people to interact with more information-processing devices than they currently do, and in ways that suit whatever location or context they find themselves in.
M2M is typically accomplished through a family of sensors, middleware, software and applications that help improve efficiency and quality by tying together a myriad of sensors that transmit data to mission critical applications like EAM, ERP, and CRM. Early M2M data was transmitted via costly and power-intensive communications systems that include wireline-connected telephone or data / computer networks, and wireless cellular networks with satellite communications.
However, recent advances in radio frequency (RF) technologies and protocols now enable M2M data transmission via very inexpensive, low-power wireless sensor networks. These networks take advantage of licensed or unlicensed portion of the RF spectrum.